The kingdom was overturned (Ezekiel 21:25-32) and the people removed from the land, which had been theirs only by virtue of the covenant relationship (Hosea 9:3, 15, Micah 2:10; cf. Joel 1:15; 2:1, 32) can hardly serve as evidence for either a late or an early date. Technical know-how would render products made in Israel superior to all others. A Nebuchadnezzar 59 Q (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). Nehemiah 12:12, 16). The glory that distinguished the early part of the reign of Solomon was due in part to his own faithfulness during that time, and in part to the fact that his father David had seemed to appreciate fully Israels exalted privileges and responsibilities (see Psalms 51:10, 11; Isaiah 55:3; cf. Thus. These were remedied by the vigorous actions of the governor. WebEmphasize that when God prompted Isaiah to write about the Lord Jesus it was way before Jesus was born. Isaiah was the great forerunner of the writers. In Him I have placed my trust, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne. (Q. The following discussion sets forth the principles of interpretation described under 5, and followed by this commentary, together with the scriptural basis on which these principles rest. answer. Gods promises are made conditional upon mans cooperation and obedience. Obedience to the law of God would make them marvels of prosperity before the nations of the world, living witnesses to the greatness and majesty of God (Deuteronomy 8:17, 18; 28:11-13). Dead sea scrolls. It is certain, however, that he lived and labored in the southern kingdom, and that his main prophecy dealt with Assyria in general and Nineveh in particular. With the crucifixion of Christ they forever forfeited their special position as Gods chosen people. Isaiah was a prophet of the southern kingdom, living in a critical period of his nation. See Exodus 31:2-6; 35:33, 35. The student of the Bible who hopes to secure from it the greatest help will first proceed to reconstruct the historical context of each passage. The present-day return of the Jews to Palestine and the establishment of the modern state of Israel do not imply reinstatement as Gods people, present or future. Those in Israel who put forth their best efforts to cooperate with the revealed will of God realized, personally, a measure of the benefits He had promised. When Gedaliah is assassinated, the Jews flee to Egypt and force Jeremiah to go with them. The people might approach God personally and through the ministry of a mediating priesthood, their representatives before Him; He would direct the nation through the ministry of prophets, His appointed representatives to them. Under Nebuchadnezzars successors Daniels service seems not to have been desired. Yet not For these reasons Daniels extended prophetic ministry can be dated approximately from 603 to 535 B.C. The book of Haggai contains four addresses, each bearing a precise date giving the day, month, and year of Darius reign. Nehemiah 13:10-12; Malachi 2:11-16; cf. Seventy weeks490 years of literal timewere determined upon the Jews, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness (Daniel 9:24). As the numbers of Israel increased, they were to enlarge their borders, until their kingdom should embrace the world (cf. ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. Accordingly, what He purposed to do for the world through Israel of old He will finally accomplish through His church on earth today, and many of the promises originally made to literal Israel will be fulfilled to His remnant people at the close of time. In that day every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts (Zechariah 14:16; cf. The ministry of Amos may therefore have fallen in the years 767-753 B.C. 5. All nations of earth were to share in the blessings so generously bestowed upon Israel. The Temple was apparently rebuilt, and sacrifices were regularly offered at the time of the prophets activity (chapter 1:7-10). Seventh-day Adventists believe that, generally speaking, the promises and predictions given through the Old Testament prophets originally applied to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them on the condition that they obey God and remain loyal to Him. 6465). If Jeremiah had been writing a novel, he would have been the hero of his own story. WebIt is the same message as Jeremiah's. Daniel himself so understood these promises (Daniel 9:1-8). are longer and contain more pages and more chapters than the minor prophets). Whatever the Jews, as a nation, may do, now or in time to come, is in no way related to the former promises made to them. It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. Numbers 14:26-34. God entered into solemn covenant relationship with him (Genesis 15:18; 17:2-7), and his posterity, Israel, inherited the sacred trust of being Gods chosen representatives on earth (Hebrews 11:9) for the salvation of the entire human race. Strangely, no evidence suggests that any of these knew in person any of the others. Paul emphasizes the fact that the rejection of literal Israel as Gods chosen instrument for the salvation of the world does not mean that individual Jews can no longer be saved (chapters 9:6; 11:1, 2, 11, 15), for he is a Jew himself (chapters 9:3; 10:1; 11:1, 2). Who became king of Babylon about the same time that Jeremiah was called by God. Post Exile c. 530 BC First view (and traditional one) is that Daniel was written immediately after the Babylonian exile ended and many Jews returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. In Him I have placed my trust, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne. (Q. WebThere are four major prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel. Daniel 2:35). Send them from My presence, and let them go. Nehemiahs first term lasted from 444 to 432 B.C. A clear understanding of these aspects of the problem is essential to the formulation of a valid procedure for interpreting the messages of the Old Testament prophets. It is thought that Isaiah and Micah lived at the same time and addressed different audiences. To their own question, What nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them? the Gentiles would answer, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people (Deuteronomy 4:7, 6). They devised different theologies to respond to the destruction of the Temple. Human traditions came to be honored in place of the revealed will of God (see on Mark 7:6-9). 4. The late date is taken here, without prejudice toward an early one. answer. 4. The prophet Daniel later prayed for more understanding about Jeremiahs time prophecy. By divine appointment the sacred writings were preserved, century after century, and Israel became their custodian (Amos 3:7; Romans 3:1, 2). This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) Acts 1:6), to appear as a liberator and conqueror, and to exalt Israel to dominion over all nations (see on Luke 4:19). Promises not already fulfilled to literal Israel either would never be fulfilled at all or would be fulfilled to the Christian church as spiritual Israel. (27-3) Ezekiel 25:3. In the endeavor to account for this seeming enigma, Bible expositors have set forth various explanations: 1. The prophet was a citizen of Judah, but delivered messages to the kingdom of Israel as well. WebJer 31:34. The only period in which the mission of Jonah to Nineveh, with its results, seems to fit is the reign of Adad-nirari III (810782). Between the first invasion of Nebuchadnezzar in 605 B.C. Far from becoming the light of the world, the Jews shut themselves away from the world as a safeguard against being seduced into idolatry (see Deuteronomy 11:26, 27; cf. For a short time during his reign Assyria turned from its polytheistic religion to a kind of monotheistic Nabu worship. Jer 31:35. ), through the reigns of Jotham and Ahaz, to the end of King Hezekiah's rule in 686 (Isa. Through His people Christ is to manifest His character and the principles of His kingdom. It is possible that he worked much longer, as part of chapters 9-14 may have been given at a much later time. Rabbinic tradition has it that Isaiah's father, Amoz (not the same as Amos the prophet), was a brother of King Amaziah. Micah states that his ministry fell in the time of the kings Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1). 19:21; Isaiah 46:10; Acts 5:39; Hebrews 6:17; etc. The sixteen prophetsIsaiah to Malachiwhose writings have come down to us lived during four centuries, from about 800 to 400 B.C. Discover what the message meant to the people of that time. One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). Jodi T. Religion. They rejected the Light of the world, and henceforth their lives were surrounded with darkness as the darkness of midnight. Webcation of Jeremiah as a true prophet. Nehemiah 13:23-27). The earth would thus be rid of those who opposed God (Zechariah 14:12, 13). Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. The book makes no reference to the fall of Samaria, which took place in 723/22 B.C., and it can therefore be concluded that the prophets last message was given prior to Samarias destruction. question. The life of Christ is a perfect example of the character of God would have His people develop (see on Luke 2:52). 22 quart mirro pressure canner There is no god but He. It is an undeniable historical fact that, to this day, the majority of these predictions have not been fulfilled. Jeremiah sank into the mud, according to the biblical account. He was sawed in half, Menessah killed him. They interpreted prophecy in accordance with their selfish desires, because their ambitious hopes were fixed on worldly greatness. Practice all cards Practice all cards Practice all cards done loading. Jer 2 - 6 2, 3 God sends Jeremiah to Jerusalem to give a series of messages to the people of Judah. Several of the prophets messages are dated exactly, and the last of these dated prophetic messages was received in the 27th year of Ezekiels captivity (chapter 29:17), 571/70. The Christian church is a spiritual nation scattered all over the world, and such details obviously could not apply to it in a literal sense. Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. What archaeological evidence implies Isaiah was a unified book? See Deuteronomy 7:13; 28:2-8; Malachi 3:8-11. New King James Version In fact, this procedure is responsible more than anything else for the fanciful interpretations that distinguish the teachings of certain religious groups. The plan itself never changes because God never changes. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. His call came to him sometime in October/November, 520 B.C., in the same year as Haggais first appearance (chapter 1:1). He quotes Hosea 2:23. They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. or during the early years of his reign. The kings of Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia, whose dates for this period are well established, are shown in a separate column. Then, two months later, the latter died, doubtless unexpectedly; it was the same month when there would have been a septennial reading of the law of Deuteronomy.11 It was ordained of God to meet the needs of His people at the time it was given and to remind them of the glorious destiny that awaited them as a nation, of the coming of the Messiah, and of the establishment of His eternal kingdom. In a mysterious way known only to God the prophets words were sometimes intended to meet their fulfillment in the then far-distant future. answer. Now it is spiritual Israel, in the past not a people but now the people of God, that are to shew forth the praises of the One who has called them out of darkness into his marvellous light (1 Peter 2:9, 10). A Nebuchadnezzar 59 Q God designed that Israels experience should prove to be a warning to Judah (see Hosea 1:7; 4:15-17; 11:12; Jeremiah 3:3-12; etc.). John 4:23, 24; 2 Tim. It is ever the privilege of those who witness the fulfillment of prophecy to remember and believe (John 13:19; 14:29; John 16:4). Tools. by means of a broken line. During the reign of Zedekiah, Judahs last king, Jeremiah was thrown into prison, being considered a traitor to his country (chapter 37:11-16) because he advised his people to surrender to the Babylonians. Ninevehs destruction, which came in 612, is referred to as a future event, indicating that Zephaniahs work preceded this date. His early ministry seems to have coincided with the last years of King Uzziahs reign (see Introduction to Isaiah), but his official call to the office of a prophet came in 740/39, the last year of King Uzziah (chapter 6:1). Chronologically, Isaiah lived during a time just after the northern 10 tribes of Israel were destroyed by the Assyrians. Webdid isaiah and jeremiah live at the same time grantchester sidney and violet Posted by on May 21st, 2021 The Book Of Isaiah - The Man, The Times, And The Book Isaiah was God 's prophet and the author of the Bible book that bears his name. A closer dating is impossible in spite of the statement that his first divine message came to him two years before the earthquake (chapter 1:1), because the date of this event is unknown. This call came to him in the 13th year of King Josiah (chapters 1:2; 25:3), about 627. The sons of the stranger [or Gentile, 1 Kings 8:41; see on Exodus 12:19, 43] would join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord (Isaiah 56:6; Zechariah 2:11). Inasmuch as it is possible to date the kings of Judah and Israel, especially the later ones, with comparatively high accuracy, the various reigns during which these sixteen prophets ministered have been entered in this chart according to the tentative chronology used in this commentary. The Assyrian capital city of Nineveh was captured and destroyed by the combined forces of Media and Babylonia in 612 B.C., which is, accordingly, the latest possible date for Nahum. Not only is Malachi last in the sequential order of the prophets; it is also the last prophetic book produced in pre-Christian times. However, he is again found playing a role on the night of Babylons fall, as interpreter of the mysterious handwriting on the wall (chapter 5). Jeremiah blames the people for ethical misbehavior. At times they had an import, not only for the age in which the prophet lived, but also for a day far future; in other words, they had a dual application. If these rules are consistently followed the resulting interpretation can be accepted with confidence. 6. He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). WebIsaiah 65:12 I will destine you for the sword, and you will all kneel down to be slaughtered, because I called and you did not answer, I spoke and you did not listen; you did evil in My sight and chose that in which I did not delight." Mark 7:9). He will listen to the prophet speaking to Israel of old and endeavor to understand what his words meant to the people who originally heard them. Amos presents himself to his readers as a herdsman and a gatherer of sycomore fruit (chapters 1:1; 7:14). Ambassadors from one foreign country after another would come to discover, if they might, the great secret of Israels success as a nation, and its leaders would have the opportunity of directing the minds of their visitors to the Source of all good things. Isaiah would not have known about the events to come without Gods help. That the Bible really does claim that the stretching out of the heavens is both finished and ongoing is made all the more evident in Isaiah 40:22. Thus it was also with Samuel, Elijah, John the Baptist (see on Matthew 3:4), John the Beloved (see on Mark 3:17), and many others. All rights reserved. By Which king? The prophets thus provided a firm foundation for the faith of the apostolic church and made a direct and vital contribution to the Christian faith. The Bible contains more information about his life and times than any other prophet. Micah, Hosea, and Jeremiah. Finally, it was demonstrated before the universe that, apart from God, humanity could not be uplifted, and that a new element of life and power must be imparted by Him who made the world. The voice of God through the prophets distinctly speaks to us today. Who served as Jeremiah's scribe? Isaiah 2:2-4). Had Jerusalem known what it was her privilege to know, and heeded the light that Heaven sent her, she would have stood forth in magnificent prosperity, the queen of kingdoms, the mighty metropolis of the earth, and would, like a noble vine, have filled the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). Skill in agriculture and animal husbandry. Nothing is impossible with God. Weblived and were active as prophets during a time of great catastrophe for the people of Israel, the conquest of Judah and the destruction of the First Tem-ple. All the visions of Daniel recorded in chapters 7-12 were received during the last years of his life, the first one (chapter 7) in Belshazzars 1st year (552 or possibly later), and the last one (chapters 10-12) in the 3rd year of Cyrus, 536/35 B.C. Thus it had been with Enoch (Genesis 5:24), Abraham (chapter 26:5), and Joseph (chapter 39:2-6). Owing to the failure of the Jews as Gods chosen people, many of the prophecies of the Old Testament, such as those affirming the worldwide mission of Israel and the ingathering of the Gentiles (see Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 4:6-8; Isaiah 2:2-5; 42:6; 49:6; 52:10; 56:6, 7; 60:1-3; 61:9; 62:2; Zechariah 2:11; 8:22, 23; etc. Nabopolassar 626 B.C. The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). At the time of the Babylonian captivity God had specifically announced that that experience was not to mark a full end of Israel as Gods people (Jeremiah 4:27; 5:18; 46:28). Nick Baumgardner, a senior writer from the same publication, predicts Notre Dames all-time sack leader will fall to the early third round in his latest mock draft.. Daniel Jeremiah, a draft analyst for the NFL Network, concurs. This chart shows only those events that are mentioned in the Bible and that are of importance to an understanding of the prophetic messages. WebIsaiah, Jeremiah, and Lamentations 82 cards. It was their unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God that prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard which He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings which He was ready to bestow upon them. A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. Hence, the year 603 can be considered as the beginning of Daniels ministry as a prophet. Which division of Isaiah is the outline used in class. No, there were three prophets of God who followed Isaiah. There is no surer protection against the speculative vagaries of religious visionaries than a clear knowledge of the historical context of Scripture. The prophet Hosea was a citizen of the northern kingdom of Israel, whose ruler, Jeroboam II, is called by the prophet, our king (chapters 1:1; 7:5). Baruch, son of Neriah. Jeremiah 12:14-16). He had told them that He would progressively diminish their strength and honor as a nation until they should all be carried away into captivity (Deuteronomy 28:15-68; 2 Chronicles 36:16, 17). Discover what application later inspired writers make of the prophecy, and on this basis determine its possible significance for Gods people in this time. Those nations that rejected the worship and service of the true God, were to be dispossessed, and Israel would inherit the Gentiles chapter (54:3). But when the Jews rejected Christ there was no such assurance of reinstatement. The prophets vivid description of the catastrophe that had befallen Thebes leaves the impression that the event was still fresh in the memory of the people, whereas Assyrias power, although waning, was not yet near its end. WebIsaiah's time, Babylonian exile, and return to exile 21 Q Where did Jeremiah live when he was called to be a prophet? Had Judah remained loyal to God its captivity would not have been necessary. In Isaiah Salvation was to be of the Jews, in that the Messiah would be a Jew (John 4:22), and by the Jews, as messengers of salvation to all men (Genesis 12:2, 3; 22:18; Isaiah 42:1, 6; 43:10; Galatians 3:8, 16, 18). WebLast time you checked the cover of your family Bible, it probably didnt say The Bible, by God. since nearly all are named and credit given to a specific writer: the book of Isaiah to Isaiah, the books of Jeremiah and Lamentations to Jeremiah, the book of Ezekiel to Ezekiel, and so on. Jeremiah 1:7 But the LORD told me: "Do not say, 'I am only a child.' Isaiah was a Jewish prophet who lived during the eighth century BC. 1 Kings 22:28). Earlier commentators attempted to equate the two men, because of the use of similar expressions in their utterances (Micah 1:2; cf. It was probably at this time, when Daniel was nearly 90 years of age, that he was commanded to conclude his book and seal it up (chapter 12:4, 13). The futurist school of interpretation contends that the many promises of restoration and world leadership made to ancient Israel are yet to be fulfilled in connection with the establishment of the modern state of Israel in Palestine. The Hebrew people were to acquire wisdom and skill in all cunning work, that is, a high degree of inventive genius and ability as artisans, for the manufacture of all kinds of utensils and mechanical devices. In the inspired utterances of the prophets of old the sincere seeker for truth will thus find messages of inspiration, comfort, and guidance for today. For instance, the prophecy of the battle of Gog and Magog in Ezekiel 38, 39 was never fulfilled to literal Israel; but John the revelator assures us that in principle, though not necessarily in all details (such as those of Ezekiel 39:9-15), this battle will occur at the close of the millennium (Revelation 20:7-9). The last part of the lecture turns to Second Isaiah and the famous servant songs that find a universal significance in The state was still to be administered in the name, and by the authority, of God. We should never forget that whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for the learning of future generations to the end of time, to inspire patience, comfort, and hope (Romans 15:4). Acts 13:22). Galatians 3:27-29; see on Deuteronomy 18:15). For two of them (Joel and Obadiah), however, no conclusive evidence as to the time of their work exists, and scholars differ widely in their views concerning this matter. 1:1, 6:1 - 8). 4. Hosea was from the Northern Kingdom, Micah and Jeremiah were from the Southern kingdom. Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. The Temple is mentioned as still existing (chapter 2:20), which shows that the book was written before Nebuchadnezzars destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. The Book of Isaiah claims to be written by him, and scholars believe he at least wrote part of it. 6566). Jeremiah has a slightly more commonplace experience, he just hears Gods voice directly tell him that before he was even formed in the womb he was appointed to be a prophet to the nations, no big deal. The completeness and finality of this rejection is evident from chapter 8:19, 20: As the nations which the Lord destroyeth before your face, so shall ye perish; because ye would not be obedient unto the voice of the Lord your God. The rejection of Jesus by the leaders of Israel (cf. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. In the prophetic picture God is represented as gathering the nations to Jerusalem (Joel 3:1, 2; Zephaniah 3:6-8; cf. Only when its leaders formally rejected the Messiah and declared before Pilate their allegiance to no king but Caesar (John 19:15) did Israel as a nation irrevocably withdraw from the covenant relationship and the theocracy. They are called minor prophets because their books are less in size (these books are all very small and contain few 3. 2 Kings 20:1-5; and of promised blessing, see Exodus 6:2-8; cf. The exposition of Scripture attempted by proponents of the British-Israel theory consists of an admixture of selected Bible passages with legend, folk tales, and speculation. However, there is also no reference made to Persia, which would be expected if the book was of so late a date. When the probationary period of 490 years ended, the nation was still obdurate and impenitent, and as a result forfeited its privileged role as His representative on earth. The formal rejection of Jesus by the Jews, as a nation, marked the close of their last opportunity as the special agents of God for the salvation of the world. Indeed, this secondary application is for us today the more significant. Nation after nation would come over (Isaiah 45:14), that is, be joined with and cleave to the house of Jacob (chapter 14:1). These promises of prosperity and a successful mission were to have met fulfillment in large measure during the centuries following the return of the Israelites from the lands of their captivity. The fundamental principle by which we can tell unerringly when any particular promise or prediction of the Old Testament made originally to literal Israel is to meet its fulfillment with respect to spiritual Israel iswhen a later inspired writer makes such an application of it. We shall be protected against the grossly literal explanation of some expositors concerning the return of literal Israel to literal Palestine to rule the world for a thousand years prior to the close of human probation, and also against other equally unscriptural interpretations that propose to apply allegorically to the church all the details of the promises originally made to literal Israel. The 7th-century view.This view holds that Joels ministry seems to fit into the early years of Josiah, when Assyrian power was nearing its end and Babylon was still a weak kingdom. Nothing is impossible with God. Had Israel as a nation preserved her allegiance to Heaven, Jerusalem would have stood forever, the elect of God (Jeremiah 7:7; 17:25). Spiritual prosperity was to prepare the way for material prosperity. But because of apostasy it was the predictions of national honor and glory that could not be fulfilled. No more shall every man teach his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the L ORD , for they all shall know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them, says the L ORD. They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). Haggais courageous ministry was responsible for the resumption of the rebuilding of the Temple in the time of Darius I, after the work had ceased for some time (Ezra 4:24; 5:1). Note by whom it was spoken, to whom it was addressed, and the circumstances that called it forth. God placed His people in Palestine, the crossroads of the ancient world, and provided them with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the face of the earth. Then Gabriel came to reassure him of the restoration of his people and the eventual coming of the Messiah (verses 24, 25). And the Lord shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other (Deuteronomy 28:63, 64). They blindly overlooked those scriptures that point to the humiliation of Christs first advent, and misapplied those that speak of the glory of His second coming. Also, Jeremiah (chapter 26:18), quoting Micah (chapter 3:12), testifies that Micah ministered during Hezekiahs time. In the introduction to his book he declares that he worked under the kings Uzziah of Judah and Jeroboam II of Israel.
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